Science - Transport in Plants

Aim: To observe xylem tissue and prove that they transport water up the plant.

Equipment: One stick of celery with the leaves still attached, a retort stand, boss head and clamp, a petri dish, water, food colouring, a knife or scalpel.

Method:

1. Make a cut across the base of the celery stalk to expose a new section of the stem.
2. Fill the petri dish with water and add a few drops of food colouring.
3. Place the celery stalk in the Petri dish and gently clamp it in place using the retort stand, boss head and clamp.
4. Leave the stalk undistributed for 24 hours.
5. Remove the stalk from the clamp and petri dish. Cut the stem about 1/3 of the way up the stem.

Science - Light waves ( Reflection through lenses)

Aim: To investigate how different types of lenses refract light.
Equipment: Triple-slit ray, power supply, a concave lens and a convex lens.
Method:

1. Set up a ray box, triple-slit ray slide, and power supply.
2. Place the convex lens in the space below. Place the ray box at the top of the page and shine the three rays of light at the lens. Make sure the central light ray hits the lens at 90-degrees as indicated in the diagram.
3. Carefully trace the direction of the incoming and refracted rays.
4. Repeat using the concave lens.

Result: 

Science - Light energy ( Refraction)

Aim: To investigate how light is affected by changing the substance it is travelling through.

Equipment: Ray box, power source, glass or perspex block, single-slit ray slide.

Method: Collect the equipment from your teacher, and set them up to produce a single beam of light.

1. Place the glass block in the shaded area below.
2. Place your ray box at the top of the pages and shine the beam so it travels along the 10-degree line to the centre of the protractor (this is your angle of incidence, i degree)
3. Read the angle the light leaves the glass block at (this is your angle of reflection r degree)
4. Continue the investigation so you can complete the table opposite.

Result: 

Science - Light waves

Aim: To investigate how light behaves when it hits a plane (flat) mirror.

Method :

1. Collect a ray box, power supply and single-slit ray slide from your teacher, and set them up to produce a single beam of light.
2. Place a plane mirror on the diagram of the protractor as described below.
3. Vary the angle of incidence and record the angle of reflection.

Materials:

Findings:

I found out that the angle of the incidence is the same as the angle of reflection.

Result:
Angle of incidence:

0 degrees
10 degrees
20 degrees
30 degrees
40 degrees
50 degrees
60 degrees
70 degrees
80 degrees

Angle of reflection

0 degrees

10 degrees
20 degrees
30 degrees
40 degrees
50 degrees
60 degrees
70 degrees
80 degrees

Some photos:

Distillation of coke

AIM: Our aim in this experiment is to separate as much sugar as possible in coke.

MATERIALS: Boiling tube, Bunsen burner, Test tube, Heatproof mat, Clamp stand, Coke, Ice, Beaker, Water, Glass straw and Rubber plug

METHOD:

• Get the bunsen burner and connect it to the gas tap
• Connect the boiling tube to the clamp stand
• Add the coke in the boiling tube and use the rubber plug to close the boiling tube
• Put the glass straw through the rubber plug and connect the other side at the boiling tube and test tube 
• Combine water with ice and put it in the beaker 
• Turn the bunsen burner and light it up with a match or a lighter
• Now boil the coke until you were left with the black gooey stuff inside your boiling tube.

Some photos we took

Dilution Series

In Science, we made an experiment, we created dilution series.

Aim: Our aim in this experiment is to make the dark coloured liquid to light.

Materials: We used test tube, test tube rack, potassium permanganate, pipet, and cylinder

Conclusion/Observation: I expect that the colours would change pretty smooth as we take away 1 ml of solute in each test tube and add 9 ml of water. I 

Result: The result went pretty good but the colour went from a little bit dark to very light colour.

Key words in science

Soluble - something that can dissolve
Insoluble - something that cannot dissolve
Solute - solid that can dissolve
Solvent - a liquid that dissolves the solute
Solution - the mixture of solute and solvent
Dissolve - when large particles break into smaller pieces.

Science Experiment

Lo1: Design and carry out an experiment
Lo2: Explain separation via filtration

Experiment:

- We separated mud from water by using only the equipment given.

• Cotton balls
• Plastic bottle
• Paper towel
• Fabric/cloth
• String
• Plastic cups

Steps:

Step 1: We made our plan then discuss it in our group. First, we got our equipment and we only have to use the equipment given by the teacher 

Step 2: We cut the top of the plastic bottle 

Step 3: We cut the cloth in half

Step 4: We Put the paper towel and the cotton ball together and repeated it seven times

Step 5: Then we put the cloth at the top of the plastic cup.

Step 6: We put it also at the opening of the plastic bottle

Step 7: We Tied them together with a string

Step 8: Then we put the cup of muddy water in

Step 9: Then we wait

Some photos and videos:

Observation/Conclusion:

Our water filtration design worked pretty well, it went pretty clear, it also doesn't have any big dirt bits in it.

The colour of our water is almost clear, although there is still a small amount of yellowish stuff on the purified water by 3%.

The materials we used such as the cloth, the paper towel, the cotton balls and the